Results of сhemical and еcological research of surface and waste waters in adjara and their impact on ensuring environmental security

Abstract

The monograph presents the findings from extensive chemical and ecological experiments conducted over several years on surface waters in the Autonomous Republic of Adjara. It discusses the current state of the chemical-ecological condition of the Black Sea coast and includes the results of microbiological research on certain fish species (such as Trachurus mediterraneus and Clupea harengus) that inhabitants the Ajara coastal waters of the Black Sea basin. Additionally, the monograph reveals the primary quality parameters and current issues related to the seasonal dynamics of the ecological condition of two lagoon type lakes, Nuri-Geli and Ardagani. It also covers the methods used for wastewater treatment in the Black Sea resort zone of Adjara. The study was conducted in the Adjara Black Sea water area, both within the coastline and up to 400-500 meters from the shore. The experiments revealed significant findings about the current ecological state of the Black Sea coastline, as well as the waters of Ardagani and Nuri-Geli lakes, and certain hydrobionts inhabiting these areas. In most cases, the observed levels did not meet the established standards, which was attributed to the negative impact of anthropogenic factors. Analyzing the water characteristics, including, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Particles (TSP) in the wastewater treatment plant (sewage system) of Batumi, a correlation was discovered between TSP of inflow waters and a decrease of COD and BOD5 indicators. The higher the concentration os suspended particles in the water, the greater the reduction of COD and BOD5 are. In case of low concentration, the quality of treatment process decreases. Considering the strategic significance of research objects and findings, the study provides recommendations for periodic implementation of sanitary-bacteriological and hydrochemical monitoring of surface water in the Adjara Black Sea coastline and its water area.